2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Carbonic Anhydrase

Carbonic Anhydrase

Carbonate dehydratase

Carbonic Anhydrase

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Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a zinc-containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide: CO2 + H2O ⇋ HCO3- + H+. Eight genetically distinct carbonic anhydrase enzyme families (α-, β-, γ- δ-, ζ-, η-, θ- and ι- CAs) were described to date. Carbonic anhydrases are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Many of them are important therapeutic targets with the potential to be inhibited to treat a range of disorders including oedema, glaucoma, obesity, cancer, epilepsy, and osteoporosis.

The carbonic anhydrase reaction is involved in many physiological and pathological processes, including respiration and transport of CO2 and bicarbonate between metabolizing tissues and lungs; pH and CO2 homeostasis; electrolyte secretion in various tissues and organs; biosynthetic reactions (such as gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and ureagenesis); bone resorption; calcification; and tumorigenicity. α-CAs are Zn2+ metalloproteins expressed in animals, vertebrates, prokaryotes, fungi, algae, protozoa, and plants. Sixteen mammalian α-CA isoforms are known to be involved in many diseases such as glaucoma, edema, epilepsy, obesity, hypoxic tumors, neuropathic pain, arthritis, neurodegeneration, etc.

Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform Specific Products:

Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-147353
    Phenylsulfamide
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    Phenylsulfamide (Compound 10) is a human carbonic anhydrase-II (hCA-II) inhibitor with a Kd of 45.50 μM and a Ki of 79.60 μM.
    Phenylsulfamide
  • HY-147722
    hCAIX-IN-8
    		Inhibitor
    hCAIX-IN-8 (compound 7i) is a potent and selective hCAIX inhibitor with IC50s of 1.99, 0.024, 1.10 μM for CAII, CAIX, CAVA respectively. hCAIX-IN-8 shows anti-proliferation activity with low toxicity. hCAIX-IN-8 decreases the epithelial to mesenchymal transitions and induces apoptosis. hCAIX-IN-8 inhibits cell migration and colonization potential.
    hCAIX-IN-8
  • HY-179530
    CA-II/TNAP-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    CA-II/TNAP-IN-1 (compound 15) is a potent dual inhibitor against b-TNAP and b-CAII with IC50s of 0.69 and 1.25 μM, respectively. CA-II/TNAP-IN-1 exhibits anti-cancer effects. CA-II/TNAP-IN-1 can be used for cancer research.
    CA-II/TNAP-IN-1
  • HY-175972
    CAI/II-IN-12
    		Inhibitor
    CAI/II-IN-12 is a potent and hCAI (IC50 = 7.12 μM, Ki = 9.26 μM) and hCAII (IC50 = 10.62 μM, Ki = 11.72 μM) dual inhibitor. CAI/II-IN-12 has a strong affinity for the active sites of CYP17A1, hCAI, and hCAII enzymes. Compound CAI/II-IN-12 exhibits rapid conformational stabilization, particularly in the CYP17A1 complex. CAI/II-IN-12 can be used for the study of prostate cancer therapy and glaucoma.
    CAI/II-IN-12
  • HY-157462
    FC14-584B
    		Inhibitor
    FC14-584B, a dithiocarbamate, is a β-Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitor. FC14-584B inhibits the growth of trophozoites. FC14-584B can be used for the research of tuberculosis.
    FC14-584B
  • HY-W403930
    Sulclamide
    		Inhibitor
    Sulclamide is a sulfamoylbenzoic acid derivative with diuretic activity. Sulclamide is an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase.
    Sulclamide
  • HY-119063
    L-645151
    		Inhibitor
    L-645151 is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with ocular penetration and hypotensive activity. L-645151 lowers the elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) of o-chymotripsinized (o-CT) rabbit eyes. L-645151 is promising for research of an ocular hypotensive agent.
    L-645151
  • HY-108316S
    Sulthiame-d4
    		Inhibitor
    Sulthiame-d4 is the deuterium labeled Sultiame. Sultiame is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, widely used as an antiepileptic agent.
    Sulthiame-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-179127
    Carbonic anhydrase-IN-36
    		Inhibitor
    Carbonic anhydrase-IN-36 (Compound 5p) is a MtCA 3 inhibitor with a Ki of 0.07 µM against MtCA 3. Carbonic anhydrase-IN-36 inhibits the β-class enzyme MtCA 3. Carbonic anhydrase-IN-36 demonstrates potent antimycobacterial activity, with an MIC of 8 µg/mL against Mtb. Carbonic anhydrase-IN-36 retains activity against Rifampicin (HY-B0272)-resistant M. tuberculosis.
    Carbonic anhydrase-IN-36
  • HY-B1424R
    Benzthiazide (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Benzthiazide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benzthiazide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benzthiazide is a long-acting diuretic and a hypertension agent. Benzthiazide is an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9), with Kis of 8.0, 8.8 and 10 nM for CA9, CA2 and CA1, respectively. Benzthiazide also suppresses proliferation of cancer cells.
    Benzthiazide (Standard)
  • HY-B0562R
    Methyclothiazide (Standard)
    Methyclothiazide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Methyclothiazide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Methyclothiazide is an orally active antihypertensive agent and a diuretic agent. Methyclothiazide leads to a reduction of the vascular response to the action of endogenous vasoconstricting stimuli, such as Norepinephrine (HY-13715). Methyclothiazide is against voltage-dependent Ca-channel (VDCC) activity in vitro.
    Methyclothiazide (Standard)
  • HY-106331
    (Rac)-Sezolamide
    		Inhibitor
    (Rac)-Sezolamide (MK-927 (free base); (Rac)-MK 417 (free base)) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI) (Ki: 12.0 nM). (Rac)-Sezolamide has a topical intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect. (Rac)-Sezolamide can be used in glaucoma research.
    (Rac)-Sezolamide
  • HY-76938R
    Actarit (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Actarit (Standard) is the analytical standard of Actarit. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Actarit (4-Acetylaminophenylacetic acid) is an orally active Carbonic Anhydrase II (CAII) inhibitor with an IC50 of 422 nM. Actarit shows suppressive effects experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rats. Actarit inhibits the development of type ll collagen (CII)-induced arthritis in mice by suppressing delayed-type hypersensitivity to CII. Actarit can be used for the study of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and rheumatoid arthritis.
    Actarit (Standard)
  • HY-B0122S1
    Topiramate-13C
    		Inhibitor
    Topiramate-13C (McN 4853-13C) is 13C labeled Topiramate. Topiramate (McN 4853) is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic agent. Topiramate is a GluR5 receptor antagonist. Topiramate produces its antiepileptic effects through enhancement of GABAergic activity, inhibition of kainate/AMPA receptors, inhibition of voltage-sensitive sodium and calcium channels, increases in potassium conductance, and inhibition of carbonic anhydrase.
    Topiramate-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>
  • HY-W778555
    Diclofenamide-13C6
    		Inhibitor
    Diclofenamide-13C6 is 13C-labeled Diclofenamide (HY-B0397).
    Diclofenamide-13C6
  • HY-171187
    Chlorzolamide
    		Inhibitor
    Chlorzolamide (CL 13580) is a carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor. Chlorzolamide has an effect on the skeletal muscle of rats, which can reduce the tetanic contraction force of soleus and extensor digitorum longus and prolong the relaxation time and peak time of muscle contraction. In addition, Chlorzolamide inhibits tumor cell proliferation and has antitumor activity.
    Chlorzolamide
  • HY-134043
    Chlorthalidone Impurity G
    		Inhibitor
    Chlorthalidone Impurity G (Chlorthalidone EP Impurity G) is a potential impurity found in commercial preparations of chlorthalidone with moderate antihypertensive effects. Chlorthalidone is a thiazide diuretic that inhibits the Na+/Cl- cotransporter in the distal tubule of the kidney, thereby preventing sodium and chloride reabsorption, resulting in decreased plasma volume and cardiac output. It also inhibits carbonic anhydrase (CA), including isoenzymes CAVB, VII, IX, XII, and XIII (Kis=2.8-23 nM) and to a lesser extent CAI, CAII, IV, VA, and VI (Ki=138-1,347 nM), mediating vasodilatory activity.
    Chlorthalidone Impurity G
  • HY-173620
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 31
    		Inhibitor
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 31 (Compound 3F4) is a mtCA2 inhibitor (Ki: 5.2 nM). Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 31 can be used in the research of anti-tuberculosis.
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 31
  • HY-137966A
    N-Desethyl Brinzolamide oxalate
    		Inhibitor
    N-Desethyl Brinzolamide oxalate is a dual inhibitor of Carbonic anhydrase II and Carbonic anhydrase IV with IC50s of 1.28 and 128 nM, respectively.
    N-Desethyl Brinzolamide oxalate
  • HY-N19401
    Vescalagin
    		Inhibitor
    Vescalagin is a hexahydroxyphenol. Vescalagin is isolable from Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) and immature wax apple fruits. Vescalagin exhibits inhibitory activity against a variety of enzymes, with a Ki value of 5.87 nM against AChE, 3.89 nM against BChE, 11.75 nM against hCA I, 16.23 nM against hCA II, and 16.08 nM against α-glucosidase. Vescalagin inhibits hCA I, hCA II and α-glucosidase in a non-competitive manner. Vescalagin downregulates JNK/p38 MAPK to protect pancreatic β-cells and improve insulin secretion in methylglyoxal-treated rats. Vescalagin reduces hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia in rats fed a high-fructose diet. Vescalagin possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
    Vescalagin
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform Comparison

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